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　　Recently, eight departments—the Ministry of Commerce, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the State Taxation Administration, and the National Data Administration—jointly issued the “Special Action Plan for Accelerating the Development of Digital and Intelligent Supply Chains” (hereinafter referred to as the “Action Plan”). A responsible official from the Department of Circulation Development of the Ministry of Commerce provided an interpretation of the Action Plan.

　　I. Background to the Issuance of the Action Plan

　　The CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to the innovative development of modern supply chains. General Secretary Xi Jinping has issued important instructions and directives on multiple occasions, emphasizing the need to align innovation chains with industrial and supply chains and to build independent, controllable, secure, and efficient ones. At the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, it was proposed to “improve institutions that enhance the resilience and security of industrial and supply chains” and to “promote the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy,” while supporting enterprises in leveraging digital and intelligent technologies to transform and upgrade traditional industries.

　　At present, modern information technologies—represented by big data, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things—are profoundly transforming traditional modes of production and life. The convergence of digitalization and intelligence, or “digital‑intelligent integration,” has become a key driver for accelerating supply chain innovation and an indispensable pathway toward supply chain modernization. Such integration helps build more resilient industrial and supply chains. Modern information technologies significantly enhance transparency and visibility across all links in the supply chain, markedly improving capabilities in demand forecasting, intelligent decision‑making, risk awareness, and self‑healing, thereby enabling effective responses to mounting external risks and challenges. Digital‑intelligent supply chains also contribute to reducing society‑wide logistics costs. By breaking down data silos and information barriers, they enable data to flow more freely, fostering end‑to‑end data connectivity and seamless business interoperability. This promotes better supply‑demand matching and smoother coordination between production and sales, cuts intermediate steps and resource waste, and drives cost reductions and efficiency gains in logistics. Moreover, digital‑intelligent supply chain transformation supports high‑quality industrial development. Empowered by digital and intelligent technologies, it spurs comprehensive innovation across technology, organization, business models, processes, and application scenarios, cultivating a closer, collaborative ecosystem of upstream–downstream partners that moves beyond homogenization, “involutionary” competition, and low‑end lock‑in.

　　II. Main Contents of the Action Plan

　　The Action Plan lays out a forward-looking, comprehensive, and systematic roadmap for the development of digital‑intelligent supply chains. It calls for leveraging new technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and blockchain to advance the digitalization, intelligentization, and visualization of supply chains through tailored strategies for each link in the chain. By 2030, it aims to establish replicable and scalable models for building and developing digital‑intelligent supply chains; to have essentially established, across key industries and critical sectors, deeply embedded, smart, efficient, and independently controllable digital‑intelligent supply chain systems; and to cultivate approximately 100 nationally leading enterprises in this field, thereby further enhancing the resilience and security of China’s industrial and supply chains.

　　The Action Plan focuses on five key priority areas, adopting a “one industry, one policy” approach to accelerate the development of digital and intelligent supply chains. It seeks to enhance the organizational efficiency of agricultural supply chains, advance smart agriculture, promote high-quality growth in rural e‑commerce, support the development of agri‑product supply‑chain service providers, and build digitally and intelligently enabled commodity markets. In the manufacturing sector, the plan aims to foster the intelligent evolution of supply chains by collaboratively establishing a cohort of smart factories and intelligent supply chains, implementing a digital transformation roadmap for manufacturing, and launching a special initiative to leverage artificial intelligence in driving a new wave of industrialization. To strengthen the wholesale sector, the plan will bolster its supply-chain integration capabilities, offering comprehensive services—including raw‑material procurement, warehousing and logistics, product marketing, supply‑chain finance, and the circular utilization of recyclable resources—to both upstream and downstream customers as well as industrial clusters. In the retail sector, the plan will optimize supply‑chain performance by supporting retailers in harnessing digital and intelligent technologies to integrate omnichannel data, speeding up the flow of consumer‑side insights to brands and manufacturers, and encouraging personalized customization coupled with flexible production to refine product offerings. Finally, the plan will work to reduce overall societal logistics costs, promote the integrated development of logistics with industry, trade, and consumption, and widely deploy advanced facilities and equipment such as smart automated storage systems, automated guided vehicles, and unmanned delivery vehicles, while supporting the integrated development of trade, ports, and shipping.

　　The Action Plan outlines 10 key tasks to accelerate the development of digital‑intelligent supply chains. It calls for cultivating leading enterprises in this field to drive coordinated transformation across the upstream and downstream sectors; promoting the digital‑intelligent transformation of supply chain management services; and fostering deep integration with modern industries. The plan also seeks to expedite international cooperation on digital‑intelligent supply chains, supporting synergistic development with cross‑border e‑commerce and overseas warehousing and logistics. Furthermore, it aims to build digital‑intelligent supply chain control towers that enable real‑time visibility, operational analytics, and intelligent responses to supply chain activities; innovate foundational technologies for digital‑intelligent supply chains; and advance the commercial application of these technologies. In addition, the plan will refine the technical service standards framework, facilitating the formulation and revision of standards aligned with industry and sectoral needs. It also explores the establishment of supply chain data‑trading mechanisms to further strengthen the asset‑based nature of corporate data, while ensuring the secure flow of supply chain data and preventing information leaks. Finally, a coordination mechanism will be established to holistically advance the digital‑intelligent transformation of critical industrial and supply chains, and efforts will be intensified to cultivate talent in this domain, encouraging the adoption of Chief Supply Chain Officer and Chief Data Officer roles.

　　III. Main Features of the Action Plan

　　First, the emphasis is on leveraging the driving force of leading enterprises. As entities with core competencies, these supply-chain leaders occupy pivotal positions and play a critical role. The Action Plan underscores their exemplary and guiding role, encouraging them to lead smaller firms and extend their influence across the entire supply chain. It calls for the development of unified, digital‑and‑intelligent public service platforms to empower SMEs along the chain, enabling them to jointly address risks and challenges and fostering a healthy, sustainable supply-chain ecosystem.

　　Second, we will prioritize the development of new‑type productive forces. The digital‑intelligent supply chain, leveraging cutting‑edge digital and intelligent technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and blockchain, transforms and upgrades all stages of social reproduction—production, distribution, circulation, and consumption—thereby facilitating the reallocation of production factors, streamlining processes, and upgrading industrial structures. This approach helps unleash the vitality of data as a key production factor, enhances the organizational and intensive management of supply chains in priority sectors, and fosters the emergence of new‑type productive forces.

　　Third, the initiative emphasizes a systematic, all‑round approach. The supply chain links production, distribution, and sales; spans upstream and downstream sectors; and encompasses enterprises of all sizes—large, medium, and small—while engaging a wide array of stakeholders, including government agencies, industry associations, research institutions, and businesses. The Action Plan adopts systems thinking, underscores coordinated efforts across government departments and collaborative synergy among industry, academia, research, and end‑users, and focuses on removing bottlenecks and obstacles to ensure the smooth flow of data and information throughout the entire supply chain.

　　Going forward, the Ministry of Commerce and seven other departments will cultivate a group of leading enterprises in digital‑intelligent supply chains and develop key supply‑chain hub cities. They will guide localities in proactively exploring innovative approaches, promptly summarize and disseminate best practices, and drive nationwide progress in building digital‑intelligent supply chains, thereby providing robust support for improving the modern commerce and distribution system, effectively reducing society‑wide logistics costs, and enhancing the quality and diversity of consumer offerings.

　　(Source: Ministry of Commerce)